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Copyright 1997, all rights reserved
A Cognitive Science Bibliography

István S. N. Berkeley

Adams, F., Aizawa, K. and Fuller, G. (1992), "Rules in Programming Languages and Networks" in Dinsmore (1992: pp. 49-67).

Aizawa, K. (1992), "Connectionism and Artificial Intelligence: History and Philosophical Interpretation", in The Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Artificial Intelligence, 4, pp. 295-313.

Aizawa, K. (1994), "Representations without Rules, Connectionism and the Syntactic Argument", in Synthese, 101/3, pp. 465-492.

Anderson, J. (1972), "A simple neural network generating an interactive memory", in Mathematical Biosciences, 14, pp. 197-220.

Audi, R. (Ed.), (1995), The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy, Cambridge U. P. (Cambridge).

Ballard, D. (1986), "Cortical structures and parallel processing: structure and function", in The Behavioural and Brain Sciences, 9, pp. 67-120.

Barnden, J. and Pollack, J. (Eds.), (1991), Advances in Connectionist and Neural Computation Theory (Vol. 1): High-Level Connectionist Models, Ablex Pub. Co. (Northwood, NJ).

Bates, E. (1996), Discussion of Ling (1996). See Cottrell (1996: pp. 61-68).

Baumgartner, P. and Payr, S. (Eds.), (1995), Speaking Minds: Interviews with Twenty Eminent Cognitive Scientists, Princeton U.P. (Princeton, NJ).

Bechtel, W. (1985), "Contemporary Connectionism: Are The New Parallel Distributed Processing Models Cognitive Or Associationist?" in Behaviourism, 13/1, pp. 53-61.

Bechtel, W. (1994), "Natural Deduction in Connectionist Systems" in Synthese, 101, pp. 433-463.

Bechtel, W. and Abrahamsen, A. (1991) Connectionism and the Mind, Basil Blackwell (Cambridge, Mass.).

Bergmann, M., Moor, J., & Nelson, J. (1990), The Logic Book McGraw-Hill (New York).

Berkeley, I., Dawson, M., Medler, D., Schopflocher, D., and Hornsby, L. (1995), "Density Plots of Hidden Unit Activations Reveal Interpretable Bands", in Connection Science, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 167-186.

Berkeley, I. S. N., (1996), "Connectionism, Tri-Level Functionalism and Causal Roles", in Two Sciences of The Mind: Readings in Cognitive Science and Consciousness, Ed. S. O'Nuallain, P. McKevitt and E. Mac Aogain, John Benjamins (Amsterdam), pp.219-231 (forthcoming).

Best, J. (1986), Cognitive Psychology, West Pub. Co. (New York).

Block, N. (1978), "Troubles with Functionalism", in Block (1980, Vol. 1: pp. 268-305).

Block, N. (1980a), "Introduction: What Is Functionalism?" in Block (1980: pp. 171-184).

Block, N. (Ed.), (1980), Readings in Philosophy of Psychology, (2 Vols.), Harvard U. P. (Cambridge, Mass.).

Bobrow, D. (1969), "Natural Language Input for a Computer Problem Solving Program", see Minsky (1969).

Boden, M. (1981), Minds and Mechanisms: Philosophical Psychology and Computational Models, Harvester Press (Brighton).

Boden, M. (1990), (Ed.), The Philosophy of Artificial Intelligence, Oxford U. P. (Oxford).

Cederblom, J. and Paulsen, D. (1991), Critical Reasoning (3rd Ed.), Wadsworth Pub. Co. (Belmont, CA).

Chalmers, D. (1990), "Why Fodor and Pylyshyn Were Wrong: the Simplest Refutation", in Proceedings of the Twelfth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, (Cambridge, Mass.).

Chambers, J., Cleveland, W., Kleiner, B. and Tukey, P., (1983), Graphical Methods of Data Analysis, Wadsworth (Belmont, CA).

Churchland, P. M. (1989), The Neurocomputational Perspective: The Nature of Mind and the Structure of Science, MIT Press (Cambridge, Mass.).

Churchland, P. M. (1990), Matter and Consciousness: A Contemporary Introduction to the Philosophy of Mind, MIT Press (Cambridge, Mass.).

Churchland, P. S. and Sejnowski, T. (1994), The Computational Brain, MIT Press (Cambridge, Mass.).

Clark, A. (1989), Microcognition: Philosophy, Cognitive Science and Parallel Distributed Processing, MIT Press (Cambridge, Mass.).

Clark, A. (1993), Associative Engines: Connectionism, Concepts, and Representational Change, MIT Press (Cambridge, Mass.).

Clark, A. and Lutz, R. (Eds.), (1992), Connectionism in Context, Springer-Verlag (Heidelberg).

Clark, A. and Lutz, R. (1992a), "Introduction" in Clark and Lutz (1992: pp. 1-15).

Clark, A. and Thronton, C. (1996), "Trading Spaces: Computation, representation, and the limits of uninformed learning", in Behavioral and Brain Sciences, (forthcoming).

Cottrell, G. (Ed.), (1996), Proceedings of the Eighteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, (held in La Jolla, CA, 12-15 July 1996), LEA (Mahwah, NJ).

Cowan, J. and Sharp, D. (1988), "Neural Nets and Artificial Intelligence", in Graubard (1988: pp. 85-121).

Cummins, R. (1989), Meaning and Mental Representation, MIT Press (Cambridge, Mass.).

Davidson, D. (1978), "What Metaphors Mean", reprinted in Martinich (1985: pp. 438-448).

Dawson, M. and Berkeley, I. (1993), "Making a Middling Mousetrap", commentary on Shastri, L. and Ajjanagadde, V. (1993) ""From Simple Associations to Systematic Reasoning", in Behavior and Brain Sciences, Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 454-455.

Dawson, M., Medler, D., and Berkeley, I. (1997), "PDP Networks Can Provide Models That Are Not Mere Implementations of Classical Theories", in Philosophical Psychology, (forthcoming).

Dawson, M. and Schopflocher, D. (1992), "Modifying the Generalized Delta Rule to Train Networks of Non-monotonic Processors for Pattern Classification", in Connection Science, 4/1, pp. 19-31.

Dawson, M. and Schopflocher, D. (1992a) "Autonomous Processing in Parallel Distributed Processing Networks", in Philosophical Pschology, Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 199-219.

Dawson, M. and Shamanski, K. (1993), "Connectionism, Confusion, and Cognitive Science", in Journal of Intelligent Systems, in press.

deGroot, J. and Chusid, J. (1988), Correlative Neuroanatomy, (12th Ed), Appleton and Lange (Connecticut).

Dennett, D. (1991), Consciousness Explained, Little, Brown and Co. (Boston).

Devitt, M. (1990), "A Narrow Representational Theory of Mind" in Lycan (1990: pp. 371-398).

Dinsmore, J. (Ed.), (1992) The Symbolic and Connectionist Paradigms: Closing The Gap Lawrence Erlbaum Associates (Hillsdale, New Jersey).

Dretske, F. (1981), Knowledge and the Flow of Information, MIT Press (Cambridge, Mass.).

Dretske, F. (1988), Explaining Behavior: Reasons in a World of Causes. MIT Press (Cambridge, Mass.).

Dreyfus, H. (1993), What Computers Still Can't Do, MIT Press (Cambridge, Mass.).

Dreyfus, H. and Dreyfus, S. (1986), Mind over Machine: The power of human intuition and expertise in the era of the computer, The Free Press (New York).

Dreyfus, H. and Dreyfus, S. (1988), "Making a Mind Versus Modeling the Brain: Artificial Intelligence Back at a Branchpoint", in Graubard (1988: pp. 15-43).

Egan, F. (1995), "Computation and Content" in The Philosophical Review, 104/2, pp. 181-203.

Elman, J. (1990), "Finding Structure in Time", Cognitive Science, 14, pp. 179-212.

Evans, T. (1969), "A Program for the Solution of a Class of Geometric-Analogy Intelligence Test Questions", see Minsky (1969).

Feigenbaum, E. and Feldman, J. (Eds.), (1963), Computers and Thought, McGraw-Hill (New York).

Feldman, J. (1985), "Connectionist Models and their applications: Introduction", in Cognitive Science 9, pp. 1-2.

Feldman, J. and Ballard, D. (1982), "Connectionist Models and Their Properties", in Cognitive Science 6, pp. 205-254.

Field, H. (1978), "Mental Representation", in Erkenntnis 13, pp. 9-61.

Flew, A. (Ed.), (1951), Essays on Logic and Language, Blackwells (Oxford).

Fodor, J. (1975), The Language of Thought, Harvard U. P. (Cambridge, Mass.).

Fodor, J. (1980), "Methodological Solopsism considered as a research strategy in cognitive psychology", in Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 3, pp. 63-73.

Fodor, J. (1987), Psychosemantics, MIT Press (Cambridge, Mass).

Fodor, J. and Pylyshyn, Z. (1988), "Connectionism and Cognitive Architecture: A Critical Analysis", in Cognition 28, pp. 3-71.

Forbus, K. and de Kleer, J. (1992), Building Problem Solvers, MIT Press (Cambridge, Mass.).

Getting, P. (1989), "Emerging Principles Governing the Operation of Neural Networks", in Annual Review of Neuroscience, 12, pp. 184-204.

Glymour, C. (1980), Theory and Evidence, Princeton U. P. (Princeton, NJ).

Goschke, T. and Koppelberg, D. (1991), "The Concept of Representation and the Representation of Concepts in Connectionist Models", in Ramsey, Stich and Rumelhart (1991: pp. 129-161).

Govier, T. (1992), A Practical Study of Argument, (3rd Ed.), Wadsworth Pub. Co. (Belmont, CA).

Graubard, S. (Ed.), (1988), The Artificial Intelligence Debate: False Starts, Real Foundations, MIT Press (Cambridge, Mass.).

Grossberg, S. (1976), "Adaptive pattern classification and universal recoding: I. Parallel development and coding in neural feature detectors", in Biological Cybernetics, 23, pp.121-34.

Hadley, R. (1994), "Systematicity in Connectionist Language Learning" in Minds and Machines, 9, pp. 247-272. (N.B. All page references in the text are to a manuscript copy.)

Hadley, R. (1996) "Cognition, Systematicity, and Nomic Necessity", in Mind and Language, (in press).

Hadley, R. and Hayward, M. (1997), "Strong Semantic Systematicity from Hebbian Connectionist Learning", to appear in Minds and Machines. (N.B. All references to this paper are to a manuscript version).

Hardcastle, V. (1996), "Computationalism", in Synthese, 105, pp. 303-317.

Haugeland, J. (1985), Artificial Intelligence: The Very Idea, MIT Press (Cambridge, Mass.).

Hebb, D. (1949), The Organisation of Behaviour, John Wiley (New York).

Hecht-Nielsen, R. (1990), Neurocomputation, Addison-Wesley Pub. Co. (New York).

Hodges, A. (1983), Alan Turing: The Enigma, Burnett Books (London).

Honavar, V. and Uhr, L. (Eds.), (1993), Symbol Processing and Connectionist Models in Artificial Intelligence and Cognition: Steps Towards Integration, Academic Press (New York).

Hopcroft, J. and Ullman, J., (1969), Formal Languages and Their Relation to Automata, Addison-Wesley Pub. Co. (London).

Hopcroft, J. and Ullman, J. (1979), Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and Computation, Addison-Wesley Pub. Co. (London).

Horgan, T. and Tienson, J. (1990), "Representations without rules", in Philosophical Topics, 17(1), pp. 147-174.

Horgan, T. and Tienson, J. (1991), Connectionism and The Philosophy of Mind, Kluwer Academic (Dordrecht).

Jacobowitz, H. (1963), Electronic Computers, Doubleday & Co. (New York).

Jeffress, L. (Ed.), (1951), Cerebral Mechanisms in Behaviour, Wiley (New York).

Johnson-Laird, P. (1983), Mental Models Harvard U. P. (Cambridge, Mass.).

Johnson-Laird, P., and Byrne, R. (1991), Deduction, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates (Hillsdale).

Kithcher, P. (1993), The Advancement of Science, Oxford U. P. (Oxford).

Kohonen, T. (1972), "Correlation matrix memories", IEEE Transactions on Computers, C-21, pp. 353-9.

Kolb, B. and Whishaw, I. (1990), Fundamentals of Human Neuropsychology (3rd Ed.), Freeman and Co. (New York).

Lachter, J. and Bever, T. (1988), "The relationship between linguistic structure and associative theories of language learning: A constructive critique of some connectionist learning models", in Pinker and Mehler (1988: pp. 195-247).

Ling, C. (1996), "Can Symbolic Algorithms Model Cognitive Development?" (Abstract) in Cottrell (1996: pp. 67-68).

Lipsey, R. (1979), Positive Economics, (5th Ed.), Weidenfield and Nicolson (London).

Lloyd, D. (1989), Simple Minds, MIT Press (Cambridge, Mass.).

Loewer, B. and Rey, G. (Eds.), (1991) Meaning In Mind: Fodor and his Critics, Blackwell (Oxford).

Lycan, W. (1990), Mind and Cognition: A Reader, Basil Blackwell (Oxford).

MacDonald, C. and MacDonald, G. (Eds.), (1994), The Philosophy of Psychology: Debates on Psychological Explanation, Basil Blackwell (Oxford).

Martin, R. (1991), The Philosopher's Dictionary, Broadview Press (Scarborough, Ont.).

Martinich, A. (1985), (Ed.), The Philosophy of Language, Oxford U. P. (Oxford).

McClelland, J. and Rummelhart, D. (1988), Explorations in Parallel Distributed Processing: A Handbook of Models, Programs, and Exercises, MIT Press (Cambridge, Mass.).

McClelland, J., Rumelhart, D. and Hinton, G. (1987), "The Appeal of Parallel Distributed Processing", in Rumelhart, McClelland, et al. (1987: Vol. 1, pp. 3-44).

McCloskey, M. (1991), "Networks and Theories: The Place of Connectionism in Cognitive Science" in Psychological Science, Vol. 2, No. 6, pp. 387-395.

McCulloch, W. and Pitts, W. (1943), "A Logical Calculus of the Ideas Immanent in Nervous Activity", in Bulletin of Mathematical Biophysics, 5/115.

Meyering, T. (1989), Historical Roots of Cognitive Science: The Rise of a Cognitive Theory of Perception from Antiquity to the Nineteenth Century, Kluwer Academic (Dordrecht).

Miller, G., Galanter, E. and Pribram, K. (1960), Plans and the Structure of Behavior Holt (New York).

Millikan, R. (1984) Language, Thought and Other Biological Categories, MIT Press (Cambridge, Mass.).

Millikan, R. (1991), White Queen Psychology and Other Essays for Alice, MIT Press (Cambridge, Mass.).

Minsky, M. (1954), "Neural nets and the brain-model problem", Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, Princeton University.

Minsky, M. (1966), "Artificial Intelligence" in Scientific American 215/3.

Minsky, M. (Ed.), (1969), Semantic Information Processing, MIT Press (Cambridge, Mass.).

Minsky, M. (1990), "Logical verses Analogical, or Symbolic verses Conectionist, or Neat verses Scruffy", in Winston and Shelland (1990).

Minsky, M. (1992), Personal Communication by e-mail, September, 1994.

Minsky, M. and Papert, S. (1969), Perceptrons: An Introduction to Computational Geometry, MIT Press (Cambridge, Mass.). (3rd Edition published in 1988).

Mozer, M. and Smolensky, P. (1989), "Using Relevance to Reduce Network Size Automatically" in Connection Science, 1, pp. 3-16.

Newell, A. (1980), "Physical Symbol Systems", in Cognitive Science, 4, pp. 135-183.

Newell, A. (1982), "The Knowledge Level", in Artificial Intelligence, 18/1, pp. 87-127.

Newell, A., Shaw, J. and Simon, H. (1957), "Empirical explorations of the logic theory machine: A case study in heuristics", in Feigenbaum and Feldman (1963).

Newell, A. and Simon, H. (1976), "Computer science as empirical inquiry: Symbols and search", in Communications of the ACM, 19/3, pp. 113-126.

Niklasson, L and van Gelder, T. (1994), "On Being Systematically Connectionist" in Mind and Language, 9/3, pp. 289-302.

Papert, S. (1988), "One AI or Many?", in Graubard (1988: pp. 1-14).

Parret, H. and Bouveresse, J. (Eds.), (1981), Meaning and Understanding, Walter de Gruyter (Berlin).

Pelletier, F. J and Berkeley, I. (1995), "Vagueness", in Audi (1995: pp. 826-828).

Pinker, S. and Mehler, J. (Eds.), (1988) Connections and Symbols, MIT Press (Cambridge, Mass.).

Pinker, S. and Prince, A. (1988), "On language and connectionism: Analysis of a parallel distributed processing model of language aquisition" in Pinker and Mehler (1988: pp. 73-193).

Pitts, W. and McColloch, W. (1947), "How We Know Universals: The Perception of Auditory and Visual Forms," in Bulletin of Mathematical Biophysics, 9/127.

Pollack, J. (1990), "Recursive Distributed Representations", in Artificial Intelligence, 46, pp. 77-105.

Posner, M. (1989), Foundations of Cognitive Science, MIT Press (Cambridge, Mass.).

Pylyshyn, Z. (1984), Computation and Cognition, MIT Press (Cambridge, Mass.).

Pylyshyn, Z. (1991), "The Role of Cognitive Architecture in Theories of Cognition", in VanLehn, (1991).

Quillian, R. (1969), "Semantic Memory", see Minsky (1969).

Quine, W. (1951), "Two Dogmas of Empiricism", reprinted in Martinich (1985: pp. 26 - 39).

Ramsey, W., Stich, S. and Rumelhart, D. (1991), Philosophy and Connectionist Theory, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates (Hillsdale, NJ).

Rips, L. J. (1983), "Cognitive Processes in Propositional Reasoning" in Psychological Review, 90/1, pp. 38-71.

Rips, L. J. (1994), The Psychology of Proof, MIT Press (Cambridge, Mass.).

Robinson, D. (1992), "Implications of Neural Networks for How We Think about Brain Function", in Behavioral and Brain Science, 15, pp. 644-655.

Rosenblatt, F. (1958), "The Perceptron, a Probabilistic Model for Information Storage and Organisation in the Brain", in Psychological Review, 62/386.

Rosenblatt, F. (1962), The Principles of Neurodynamics, Spartan (New York).

Ross, A. and Belnap, N. (1975), Entailment: The Logic of Relevance and Necessity, (2 Vols.), Princeton U. P. (Princeton, NJ).

Rumelhart, D. (1989), "The Architecture of Mind: A Connectionist Approach", in Posner (1989: pp. 133-159).

Rumelhart, D. and McClelland, J. (1987), "PDP Models and General Issues in Cognitive Science", pp. 110-146 of Rumelhart, McClelland et al. (1987).

Rumelhart, D. and Zipser, D. (1987), "Feature Discovery in Competitive Learning", in Rumelhart, McClelland, et al. (1987: Vol. 1, pp. 151-193).

Rumelhart, D., Hinton, G. and McClelland, J. (1987), "A General Framework for Parallel Distributed Processing", in Rumelhart, McClelland et al. (1987: pp. 45-76).

Rumelhart, D., Hinton, G. and Williams, R. (1987), "Learning Internal Representations by Error Propogation", in Rumelhart, McClelland et al. (1987: pp. 318-362).

Rumelhart, D., McClelland, J. and The PDP Research Group (1987), Parallel Distributed Processing: Explorations in the Microstructure of Cognition, (2 Vols.), MIT Press (Cambridge, Mass.).

Ryle, G. (1949) The Concept of Mind, Barnes and Nobel (New York).

Schiffer, S. (1981), "Truth and the theory of content" in Parret and Bouveresse (1981: pp. 204-222).

Schneider, W. (1987), "Connectionism: Is it a paradigm shift for psychology?" in Behaviour Research Methods, Instruments & Computers, 19/2, pp. 73-83.

Seidenberg, M. and McClelland, J., (1989) "A Distributed, Developmental Model of Word Recognition and Naming", in Psychological Review, 96, pp. 523-568.

Searle, J. (1979), "Metaphor", reprinted in Martinich (1985: pp. 416-437).

Searle, J. (1980), "Minds, Brains and Programs" in Behavioral and Brain Sciences, III/3.

Searle, J. (1992), The Rediscovery of The Mind, MIT Press (Cambridge, Mass.).

Selfridge, O. (1959), "Pandemonium: A paradigm for learning", in Symposium on the Mechanisation of Thought Processes, HMSO (London).

Shannon, C. and McCarthy, J. (Eds.), (1956), Automata Studies, Princeton U.P. (Princeton, NJ).

Shastri, L. (1991), "The Relevance of Connectionism to AI: A Representation and Reasoning Perspective", in Barnden and Pollack (1991: pp. 259-283).

Shastri, L. and Ajjanagadde, V. (1993) ""From Simple Associations to Systematic Reasoning", in Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Vol. 16, No. 3 (Sept. 1993).

Smith, B. C. (1996), On the Origin of Objects, MIT Press (Cambridge, Mass.).

Smolensky, P. (1988), "On the Proper Treatment of Connectionism", in Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 11, pp. 1-74.

Smolensky, P. (1990), "Tensor Product Variable Binding and the Representation of Symbolic Structures in Connectionist Systems", in Artificial Intelligence, 46, pp. 159-216.

Smolensky, P. (1991), "Connectionism, Constituency, and the Language of Thought" in Loewer and Rey (1991: pp. 201-227).

Smolensky, P. (1994), "Constituent Structure and Explanation in an Integrated Connectionist/Symbolic Cognitive Architecture" in MacDonald & MacDonald (1994).

Sterelny, K. (1990), The Representational Theory of Mind, Blackwell (Oxford).

Stich, S. (1983), From Folk Psychology to Cognitive Science: The Case Against Belief, MIT Press (Cambridge, Mass.).

Stillings, N., Feinstein, M. Garfield, J., Rissland, E., Rosenbaum, D., Weisler, S. and Baker-Ward, L. (1987), Cognitive Science: An Introduction, MIT Press (Cambridge, Mass.).

Tienson, J. (1991), "Introduction", pp. 1-29 of Horgan and Tienson (1991).

Turing, A. (1936), "On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem," in Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society, 2/42, pp. 230-265.

Turing, A. (1950), "Computing Machinery and Intelligence", in Mind, LIX/236, pp. 433-460.

Twining, W. and Miers, R. (1976), How to Do Things with Rules, Weidenfield and Nicolson (London).

van Gelder, T. (1990), "Compositionality: A Connectionist Variation on a Classical Theme" in Cognitive Science, 14, pp. 355-384.

van Gelder, T. and Niklasson, L. (1994), "Classicalism and Cognitive Architecture", Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Atlanta, Georgia, pp. 905-909.

van Gelder, T. and Port, R. (1993), "Beyond Symbolic: Prologomena to a Karma-Sutra of Compositionality" in Honavar and Uhr, (1993). All page references to this paper are to a manuscript version.

VanLehn, K. (Ed.), (1991), Architectures for Intelligence, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates (Hillsdale, NJ) .

von Neumann, J. (1951), "The general and logical theory of automata", in Jeffress, (1951: pp. 1-41).

von Neumann, J. (1956), "Probabilistic logics and the synthesis of reliable organisms from unreliable components" in Shannon and McCarthy (1956: pp. 43-98).

von Neumann, J. (1966), "Rigorous Theories of Control and Information", in Theory of Self-Reproducing Automata, U of Illinois Press (Urbana).

Waismann, F. (1951), "Verifiability" in Flew (1951: pp. 117-144).

Wall, R. (1995), "Grammar", in Audi (1995: pp. 302-303).

Winlow, W. (1990a), "Prologue; The 'typical' neurone", in Winlow (1990: pp. 1-4).

Winlow, W. (Ed.), (1990), Neuronal Communications, Manchester U. P. (Manchester).

Winston, P. and Shelland, S. (Eds.), (1990), Artificial Intelligence at MIT: Expanding Frontiers, (Vol. 1), MIT Press (Cambridge, Mass.).

Wittgenstein, L. (1953), Philosophical Investigations, Basil Blackwell (Oxford).


This page is designed and maintained by István S. N. Berkeley of the Philosophy Program at USL. Please direct all comments and questions to istvan@USL.edu This page last revised: 27th August 1997. Logo design by Leslie Schilling of the Humanities Resource Center, at USL.